Picture transfer process



Nov. 29, 1949 s. sUE BARNOLA 2,489,987

PICTURE TRANSFER PROCESS l Filed Feb. 21, 194s app/fea fo /maye Pressure fa remove l excess wafer l l Salva dur EunEEarT-Ln la ATTORNEY Patented Nov. 29, 1949 .Salvador SuBarnola, Pars, France, .assignor to ReproduccionesArtsticas, S.' A., MexicopCity,

Application-February 21, 1948, Serial No..10v,17.1 In France-JanuaryZl, 1939 Section'L' Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires J anuary'24, 1959 AThis inventionA relates E rtoi-method for :printing imagesvon: rough=surfaces an'dfmore particularly to a method of transferring a picture on any. kind of paper-to a canvas-sheet.

-1Theref are^ialready many processes lfor transferring'printstoall .kinds -of* objects. This type of printing, or, morefexactly, decalcomania transfer; irrespective `ofi how applied,l is` always based on the' samef principle. This principle resides in the fact that all of the prints that are to be transferred mustfof necessity be ,on-paperk coated with glue vor gelatine, because -the gum or vgelatine servesas aseparatory .insulation between the paper and the printed image that is tobe transferred; so that-:when thef-paper is moistened, vthe latterseparates readily y:from `said image,thus making it possible to transfer the latter tofany sort of support. AHence,iinI-tl1is scrt'of reproduction, the printsfmust"bespecially'prepared, depending on the circumstances. Furthermore; the practical use. of theseprocesses is limited exclusively totransferring the imagesl tof flat, `smooth surfaces.

The present invention *has for its object to obviate these drawbacks l--and 'make itI possible to use any availablevprint,made -onl-any kindo'f paperfexecutedinf one orlseveral colors, the'picturewhen transferred being improved' insolid-ity and appearance. The picture, -after being transferred has thessame appearancel as when on its old support; it is no longer necessary, as in certain prior artprocessesltofprint-the image reversed so as to have it appear non-reversed after the transfer.

The invention relates to an entirely new process which makes Lit possible yto 'effect' such transfer to any type of surface, whether it be rough,.c.on cave, convex, or provided Withpronouncedraised portions, so lthat certain artisticefectscan'be obtained which were impossible to. achieve" hereto'fore, suchas'the'transferof three-color .pictures to .canvas possessing .a .certain degree of roughness adapted'to impartto the latter the appearance of canvas originally painted by the hand of an artist.

The example hereinafter described represents a preferred method of transferring, in accord- 12` Claims. (CL-154-98) I; trating the successive basicsteps'of the'method,

ranging from tibet-'application :of :a transparent layer to the final' productiwherein the image is transf erred' toa new` back-ing.

.The picture,l as`v illustrated. inlFig.; 1, which may be ane grain'threescolorlprinton any kind :of

paper, iscovered witha lm, preferably transparent, `applied to the .printed lside of the picture, as illustrated inlFig...2. `ThisImSmay `comprise athin'cellulosic filmlthat-isiappliedilto the printed side with. the aid of. heatandpressure, or thepicture may be manuallycoated with collodionras by means. of an .air-brush, the collodion, when dry, producing the samer result asrvthe foregoing, that is,;-producing..a filmrsimirlar7 to. that` of :a varnish.

-A varnish'may beremployed and preferably, may comprisea .composition containing transparent. cellulosic .lacquerf `castor oilsandl fattyvarnish (the rlatter .being of thewiquality known .as re boiled). The proportions of this composition may vary .depending Aonli-,he .density of vthe products `composing-.this special-varnish. A :layer of v this varnish preferably. .applie'd 'by means` `ol" a `spray/gun ora-varnishing machinefso as to obtain evenness"ofvdepthand to vavoidpossible damage'ofv thetextureofitheprint. lThis 4layer is.L Aallowedr to Sdryv for` :at least.' three. hours.

When the vicellulosic I'film or varnish layer .is entirely dry, 4.the picture .is immersedin'a 'bath Y to remove the'paper. Ifwthe imagel isgluedto the chloride, sodium `hypochlorite or' potassiumV hypoance with the invention, any picture whatsoever, y

taken for example from an ordinary magazine. The basic steps of the method are graphically illustrated in the accompanying drawing wherein Fig. 1 .is a diagrammatic cross-sectional View of the initial or starting picture, and Figs. 2 through 7 are diagrammatic cross-sectional views of the picture image and associated elements and illuschlorite, the purpose? beingito destroy thel paper bers by rendering thempastyL and thus facilitating their 'remcval, but leave 'the-printed'picture `I stuck-tothethinffilm, vthus forming a transparent picture.

AA principal*feature-ofv the invention# is that the solution employed, while destroying the bers of the paper, has no deleterious action on the film or varnish, which floats on the liquid and carries the print in perfectly reproduced form with all of its details preserved.

The proportions of calcium chloride, sodium hypochlorite or potassium hypochlorite in the solution may vary according to the qualities of the colors used in the print. A very concentrated solution destroys the paper more rapidly but it may, in certain cases, alter the color. Various factors, such, for example, as the thickness and the quality of the paper and the quality of the inks govern the degree of concentration so that this question must be decided in practice according to the circumstances under consideration. For a paper of ordinary type, it has been found that a solution of 9% (nine percent) strength is highly satisfactory as it disintegrates the fibres of the paper but does not bleach the image if it is removed as soon as the fibres are disintegrated.

As soon as the paper fibres are disintegrated, the film carrying the print is then immersed in a bath of cold water, as illustrated in Fig. 4, to remove all traces of caustic solution .which may adhere to it.

Assuming that the new support of rough material is a sheet of canvas, it is placed on a plane support, and, after being preliminarily moistened, it may be covered, if desired, with a base coating of ordinary white paint or other suitable material. When the coating is dry, the film, moistened with water, is applied thereon -by .passing a rubber squeegee over it to remove any excess of water that may remain between the base and the lm, as illustrated in Fig. 5.

Although the lm when dry, adheres strongly to the support (metal, glass, canvas, etc.), its consistency may be improved by allowing it to dry at a temperature of 45 C., which serves to soften the lm, as illustrated in Fig. 6, and to increase its adherence to the support when dry.

Another, and often preferred procedure may be used, in -which drying with the aid of heat is eliminated. This procedure comprises the spraying of -a liquid which has the property of softening the nlm without disintegrating it. Such a solvent may be composed of eq-ual .parts of acetone and amyl acetate, or may comprise for example, benzylic alcohol, triacetin, or any of the many cellulosic diluents of high boiling point that are capable of producing a softening effect.

When this operation is finished, the support and the article so treated may be placed in a vertical position so as to drain off any water left in the rough areas and caught there by the relative vacuum therein, as illustrated in Fig. 7, the result being the perfect adherence of the viscous and elastic film, d-ue to absorption, the entire structure forming a single homogeneous body.

A certain amount `of time is then allowed to lapse so as to effect complete evaporation of the liquid previously used for imparting the elasticity and yadhesion of the film and to dry the article so treated, whereupon it is intimately bound with the support.

Although certain specific embodiments eof the invention have been shown and described, it is obvious that many modifications thereof are possible. The invention, therefore, is not to be restricted except insofar as is necessitated by the :prior art and by the spirit ofthe appended claims.

What is claimed as new, is:

1. The process for transferring images from a paper support and particularly onto rough surfaces, which process comprises applying a, transparent lim to the image, drying said lm, bathing said film covered image in a caustic solution to disintegrate the paper support. washing the res-ultant image supporting film in water to remove all caustic, applying said lm supported image in a moistened condition to a new support, pressing said film on said support with a squeegee to remove excess moisture, softening said applied lm to adhere to said support. yand drying said lm and support.

2. A :process as defined in claim 1 wherein said lm is applied to said image with heat and pressure.

l3. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said 111m is formed by a varnish composition comprising cellulosio lacquer, castor oil and fire boiled fatty varnish.

4. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said paper removing bath comprises a caustic solution of 9% strength `which disintegrates the paper.

5. A process as :defined in claim 1 wherein said paper removing bath comprises a caustic solution of calcium chloride which disintegrates the paper.

6. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said paper removing .bath comprises a caustic solution of sodium hypochlorite which disintegrates the paper.

7. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein said paper removing bath comprises a caustic solution of .potassium hypochlorite which disintegrates the paper.

8. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the film applied to the new support is softened by heat.

9. A process as :defined in claim 1 wherein the film applied to the new support is softened by the application of -a softener.

10. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the vfilm applied to the new support is softened by the application of acetone and amyl acetate.

11. A .process as defined in lclaim 1 wherein the 111m applied to the new support is softened by the application of benzylic alcohol.

12. A process as defined in claim 1 wherein the film applied ito the new support is softened by the application of triacetin.

`SALVADOR sUE' BARNOLA.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 158,154 Veithen Dec. 22, 1874 439,536 Maxwell Oct. 28, 1890 470,899 Robinson Mar. 15, 1892 748,427 Sicard Dec. 29, 1903 2,117,795 Erikson May 17, 1938 

